Zhi Jian takes a "enough and done well" approach: the dugout of the Zhenpin series for daily practice and small recitals, for players who practise regularly and expect one instrument to last for years.

It keeps the core technology — a single carved soundboard — but spends nothing on elaborate decoration. The budget goes to what actually decides tone and feel: hardwood bridges, string height, nut angle.

The voice does not chase brilliance; it is comfortable to play. String height is moderate so long sessions stay easy, the middle and low registers are solid, the top is clean. Etudes and standard repertoire are both within reach.

Avoid placing it directly above underfloor heating. Short but regular playing sessions keep the top and bridges more stable than occasional long ones.

For more on dugout construction and how it differs from laminated boards, see the difference between dugout and laminated guzheng.

Buying advice: this model is listed at CNY 32000, which is the mid-range price of the 8 models in the Zhenpin series (prices run CNY 20000 to CNY 108000).Han-Tang Splendour (CNY 36000) is the next step up and is worth comparing if your budget is close. To keep the budget down, start from Zhixi (CNY 30000). Bulk pricing is explained in How to order.

FAQ: What is the difference between a dugout and a laminated guzheng in the Zhenpin series? A dugout top is carved from a single block of paulownia with the fibres unbroken, giving fuller resonance and longer decay, at the cost of a much longer build. A laminated top is glued from several boards: more consistent and better value. Neither is absolutely better — it depends on your budget and what you want from the tone.

Suitable for: this dugout guzheng is aimed at professional players, serious amateurs and collectors. Zhonghong also supplies conservatories, ensembles and music shops with batch orders, configuring and tuning instruments uniformly. Schools, ensembles or institutions can use the enquiry form to tell us quantities and scenarios, and we will send a written quotation.